What is range of timpani?

The range of timpani refers to the pitch range or notes that can be produced by the instrument. Typically, the timpani has a range of about one octave, from the lowest note of around C2 (65 Hz) to the highest note of around C3 or C4 (130-260 Hz), depending on the size of the drum. However, professional orchestras may use timpani with a wider range, including smaller models that produce higher notes or larger models that produce lower notes. The range of the timpani can be adjusted by tightening or loosening the tension on the drumhead, which changes the pitch of the sound when the drum is struck.